The very important process of recycling

The very important process of recycling Introduction: Recycling is one of the most important methods used to reduce or preventing environmental crisis. It is the process of reprocessing used objects and turning them into new material. Waste is mostly used in recycling and it has a massive shocking effect on our nature like global warming and recycling the waste is an effective way to reduce the global warming problem. It also helps reduce the use of natural resources which is as well a very big problem because we abuse natural resources these days. The usual method of waste dumping or disposal is either by air or water which causes severe pollution to it and by using recycling as useful method its can help reduce the pollution a lot. We can also save space that is usually used for dumping waste and turning it into useful places. The lack of the basic materials and the need to create new ways to help fulfill the needs of humans made recycling one of the biggest important industries in the world. It became such an important industry becau se it helps get rid of the trash and waste and the toxic substances and its releases gases in a way that suits the environment and not affect it badly. Around the world, the recycling issue became an essential topic of all important gatherings and events because it is a very crucial matter. Global warming, the extreme weather changes, extinction of animal and the sea and ocean pollution and the death of plants all occur due to the carelessness of some factories and their wastes and the gases coming out of it. Recycling Paper The process of recycling 1. Sorting The first step in recycling paper is making sure the paper is free of any contaminants like food, metal and trash. 2. collection and transportation Secondly you take either to a nearby recycling center or a recycling bin after that it will be collected by a worker. 3. storage A very important part of the recycling process because the workers separate the different types of paper and then sort them together to make different kinds of recycled paper items. 4. Re-pulping and Screening The next step is called re-pulping, the enhanced paper is put into a machine called a pulper, and this machine contains a mix of water and chemicals. It cuts the paper into small pieces of fibers which turns into soft mix and that is called a pulp. The pulp is poured into a strainer which keeps the contaminants out of the mix and keeping just the pure pulp. In a large cone shaped machine pulp remains in a spinning process until all the heavy contaminants stay at the bottom of the machine and the lighter ones stay in the middle and then removed. 5. Refining, Bleaching and Color Stripping Refining is the next step in which the pulp mixture is crushed to make the fibers bigger to make it ready for the next process. If the paper is colored it will need some chemicals to remove the color and if its white it will need oxygen to make it lighter and if its brown then it does not have to be bleached. 6. Deinking The last step is papermaking; pulp has to be mixed with water and chemicals. This mix goes into a huge machine called a head box and its sprayed on a straining wire track that moves very quickly. The water from the paper mix starts to drop and the fibers start to attach to each other and form wet sheet. The wet sheet goes into rolling presses which compresses the sheet and sheds all the excessive water and dries the sheets out. After that the sheets goes through heated metal roller to dry them out and the paper is made. Positive Effects of Recycling Recycling paper is the economic process of the first degree as it, helps to reduce imports of raw materials for papermaking and reducing unemployment and this through the prevision of job opportunities for young people. Preserves the Environment Recycling paper is working to safeguard the environment. For example, the paper is manufactured. There is also became a growing demand for paper, many of the trees divided for the production of paper. For recycling paper is available to prevent the destruction of forests. These days, we see a large number of forests to produce shatter for the production of the growing demand for paper. Recycling a ton paper helps to preserve our natural resources and saves equivalent 12 trees. Also, recycling paper helps in getting rid of the paper is doomed sound environmental manner, rather than burned or buried, leading to increased pollution and reduces the demand for wood and fiber and to allow the forest to increase their capacity to absorb atmospheric carbon. In addition, working on protection of agricultural land and places of throwing waste paper. Recycling Saves Energy Processing raw materials requires a great deal of energy. But any processing used materials reduce the energy requirements for instance recycling paper. Also the process of recycling paper reduces a lot of pressure on energy resources. How Does Recycling Affect The Environment? Positives and Negatives http://www.allfreeessays.com/search_results.php?query=Positives+of+recycling+paper The Negative Effects of Recycling Paper Recycling paper conserves energy and landfill space, maintains the trees and reduces defilement. Although it is a procedure that produces some emissions and products harmful secondary. This process is working to develop a lot of ground techniques. Energy Use Recycling paper conserves 28% to 70%. This keeping is debatable for of the sort of energy utilization in two operations. Using recycled paper fossil fuels whereas the production maiden paper appoints the litter products from wood to provide high rate of its energy needs. In addition, recycling paper requires less energy from the plastic but for the recycled paper bag requires more energy from the plastic bags recycling process. Harmful Chemicals In this process is necessary that the indelible ink from used paper. The facilities of recycling use several of chemicals like chlorine and process. There is a particular problem is print from laser and copy machines. The Chemicals that is much more from chemicals caustic than level requires removal de-inking chemicals. De-inking chemicals includes some ponderously mental and other vehicles. Solid Waste Recycling waste paper teems sludge that includes solids (very small fibers). Often these waste sent to the landfill including mental. Incineration is an ersatz however the incineration serves to disseminate dangerous emissions like dioxins and hydrocarbons. For the residual ash also is sent to landfills. In summary, recycling is extremely essential and we should raise awareness because people mostly are very oblivious and clueless about it. We have to recycle in order to maintain a healthy environment we can live in happily. Try to minimize the use of paper and raw material so that we can save natural resources. We should be able to live in a healthy planet a thoughtful life. We have to consider the fact that there are other species living with us in the same planet that our silly acts and unhealthy behavior have negative effects on. http://www.livestrong.com/article/159591-the-negative-effects-of-recycling-paper

The Story of Organic Matter Decay in Soils Essay -- Chemistry Chemical

The Story of Organic Matter Decay in Soils To most people, humus is a garlic-y chickpea spread for sandwiches or pita bread. However, to soil scientists, its something entirely different. Soil humus is a mixture of dark, colloidal organic compounds relatively resistant to decomposition. These compounds result from the decay of organic litter and accumulate in the O and A horizons of soils. Soil humus helps glue mineral particals into aggregates, giving structure to the soil and affecting soil stability. There are three main classifications of humus: fulvic acid, humic acid and humin. Humin is insoluble but fulvic and humic acids are soluble in dillute NaOH solution. Humic acids precipitate in acidic solution, but fulvic acids remain soluble. Humic molecules are incredibly varied in composition, but generally are characterized by: 1) many active chemical functional groups exposed to the surrounding solution for reaction with other substances in the solution. 2) a very large cross-linked and "folded" molecule with molecular weights in the hundreds of thousands of grams per molecule" (Miller and Donahue, 1990, p. 185). Humus has a large surface area per unit of mass and is highly charged (similar to clay), and individual humus molecules are dynamic and constantly changing form (but may remain humus for several thousand years). Humus includes sugar amines, nucleic acids, phospholipids, vitamins, sulfolipis, polysaccharides and many other unclassified compounds (Miller and Donahue, 1990). Figure 1 shows a hypothetical structure of a humic acid with many of the characteristic functional groups. Fulvic acid and humin have similar structures. The COOH and phenolic OH groups are weakly acidic, which give humus its pH b... ...II, the environmental conditions alone may determine the rate. (Melillo et al., 1989) Aber et al. supported this conclusion, but measured major differences in the nitrogen content during Phase II, indicating that only the carbon was uniform during this stage (Aber et al, 1990). Other researchers had also separated two stages of decomposition: early decay, when "free" cellulose decomposes quickly, and later decay, when cellulose is shielded by lignin and can be decayed only with the coprocessing of the lignin (Aber et al., 1990). In summary, through a series of complex reactions, microbes mediate the conversion of organic material such as leaves and twigs to the dark humus which colors and glues our soils. Without these processes, the soils would be loose, non-cemented dusts and no life would be able to grow on them, and the world would be a very different place.

Dynamics Of Globalization Essay

Two themes emerge from Robert D. Kaplan’s â€Å"The Coming Anarchy. † The first is civilization and de-civilization against all odds. The second is Africa, an example of the group countries that are left behind by civilization. These two themes will be discussed in this essay. The movie â€Å"Girl in the Cafe† is a perfect illustration of what is happening in Africa. The movie took place at a time where most countries have attained a high level of civilization. They have technologies, cultural developments and modern values and concerns. It took place at a time where globalization is at a high level that countries’ leaders meet together to decide the fate of the world. Amidst all their issues stood one issue that not all countries find to be a priority—the condition in Africa and the fate of its people amidst the poverty and difficulties being experienced in the country. It is sad to say that when globalization began to take place, not all countries were able to follow. In fact, even at present, some countries are too attuned to being globalized, but most countries are still struggling with the concept and imagining themselves being globalized and enjoying the benefits that are claimed to come together with globalization. Some countries remain behind their countries’ boundaries by choice, but many remains behind by sheer inability to cope with world developments. Unfortunately, the so-called gap between the rich and poor manifests not only among individuals, but also among countries. Unfortunately, these poor countries are the ones always plagued with issues and hindrances that make it more difficult for them to globalize. Unfortunately, these poor countries are always left behind. It may be asked, â€Å"how did globalization come about? † Globalization may be a need as many people say. In my opinion, globalization is a product of civilization. The world began kept with boundaries. People in the past have limited view of the word. There is an international anarchy, not in the sense that there is chaos and disorder, but in the sense that there is no central government that governs the whole world. Governments are small and order is limited to very small communities. However, people began to explore and discover. They form larger governments and organize into states. Globalization is just a continuation of this—a manifestation of a search for a more advanced civilization. In fact, there were several claims in the past about the creation of an international government. Even at present, an international legal order is manifest, although loosely due to several conceptual and political hindrances such as sovereignty of states. However, it cannot be denied that countries are now forming unions and organizations and building international institutions such as courts and tribunals to govern conduct. The inquiry is therefore clear. â€Å"Will the world organize into a bigger union? † The irony in this question is that many countries such as Africa has not yet achieved the high level of civilization that many other countries have achieved. By not being highly civilized, I do not mean to say that they are savage, but only that they are left behind in terms in terms of political, economic and technological developments. Theirs are mostly a case of lawlessness and crime. Chaos and disorder prevails dues to poverty, disease and inadequate natural resources that are existing in the country. It is like being back during the period before the existence of social contracts where every man is a man for himself. The main concern is individual survival, not the advancement of civilization. These countries who were left behind have not made themselves as civilized and globalized as others countries have made themselves. How can they cope with the new world order that will be established in case civilization and globalization become more advanced? Going back to the question, the articles answer seems to be no. The pattern that may be observed is not integration, but disintegration. Countries are beginning to disaffiliate from their respective unions and affiliations. The reasons are simple, resources are scarce and countries have to fight over these resources to survive. It is â€Å"Africa† in a larger scale. The thing that prevents countries like Africa from assimilating to a grand globalization scheme will prevent many countries from becoming more politically and socially advanced. Worse, it may cause their social and political system to deteriorate, bringing them back to a path where they have already trodden before. That path is a path towards pre-civilization. Anarchy may return. An era of lawlessness and crime may again plague the world. The world may revert to the period before civilization when there is no social contract. The world may go back to a period where it is every man for himself or every country for itself. The pillars of cooperation, which countries have so painstakingly erected may easily collapse in the middle of poverty, need and competition for scarce resources. This prediction may be exaggerated, but it may happen; and what better way exists to show what may happen, but through an exaggeration. It is again a point of interest at this point the situation in countries like Africa. While Africa and other countries are still struggling to achieve the level of civilization and globalization that exist in the world, other countries are already going through the process of de-globalization and de-civilization. Even in de-globalization and de-civilization, they seem to be unable to keep up. Or is it that other countries are the ones keeping up with them in terms of de-globalization and de-civilization? It is in times like this that one may realize why government and laws are important. There may be wrongs committed in the government and it may limit or even abuse individual rights. However, governments create order. In times of difficulties, governments take charge. Governments are necessary in the development of a healthy and orderly social and political system. Law controls people. It may cause evils, but it also controls evils. Law is essential in governance and civilization.

The No Child Left Behind Act - 1693 Words

If there is one thing that all American’s can agree on it is that the education provided for our youth serves as the foundation for the continuation and prosperity of our nation’s future. On the smaller scale, the students that live and learn here in the state of California will become our congressmen, doctors, policemen; the future of our great state. The adoption of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) was necessary for improving the education policies in place for the youth in California. For one, it replaced the failing academic system, the No Child Left Behind Act. Second, the CCSS drives students to build deeper conceptual understandings of course material and foster their critical-thinking and analytical skills. Next, the CCSS†¦show more content†¦As a result, school districts were forced to â€Å"dumb down† their standards to ensure students’ success on paper to avoid such labels (Jost, 2010). In addition, teachers would essentially â₠¬Å"teach to the test,† only covering topics their students would be tested on during their annual standardized tests (Jost, 2010). This is a huge problem that America’s youth had encountered. They were being stripped of their chance to be curious and thirsty for knowledge. Rather, they were forced to play the â€Å"grade game† and simply memorize the information they need to receive an A grade. Consequently, NCLB made only slight improvements to students reading and math scores according to the â€Å"nation’s report card, in 2009 (Jost, 2010). Hence, the failing of NCLB has left us with no option than to revise America’s current education system and the CCSS is the best method to do that. Fortunately, the CCSS holds students to a higher standard than those set by NCLB. Students are now turning away from mere memorization and regurgitation of information given to them by their teachers. Instead, they are taught â€Å"standard detail skills and basic concepts that students should master in each grade in mathematics and in the broad realm of English language arts and literacy† (Clemmitt, 2014). The CCSS were created by â€Å"The National Governors Association and the Council of