Richard Benner s Theory Of Nurses Developing Skills And...

BENNER’S THEORY - FROM NOVICE TO EXPERT AND ITS ROLE IN APRN PRACTICE Gagandeep Sandhu Samuel Merritt University Patricia Benner’s theory From Novice to Expert is based on the concept of nurses developing skills and understanding of the patients care overtime which comes from their continued efforts towards trying to achieve strong education and personal experience. The theory explains the five levels of nursing experience: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert. Starting from novice where they don’t have any experience and simply follow instructions, nurses finally reach the expert level transitioning through different levels where they rely on their experience rather than principles or guidelines to connect situations and determine actions. Their performance is fluid, flexible, and highly-proficient at this level. Benner stresses on skills through experience as a prerequisite for becoming an expert nurse (Nursing world, 2013). Benner’s theory gives a hope to new nurses and nurse practitioners in a way that experience brings expertise. Benner emphasizes on professional growth within the organization with increased experience. This theory provides a useful structure for practice development and marks out the difference between the functioning of novice and experienced nurses (Lyneham, Parkinson Denholm (2009). It emphasizes on the power of expertise and empowers the nurse to expand her knowledge. It validates the clinical

Poverty Of The Country Of Jamaica - 1441 Words

To address inequalities in today’s society it is important to look at the source that started the inequalities. Governments around the world play a major role in creating inequalities because of their lack of involvement in society. Whether the involvement includes money, distribute of resources, or prioritizing the best interest of the people who live in their country. In the film Life and Debt, the country of Jamaica is a prime example of how governments not having involvement in their money creates larger inequalities. When tourists visit Jamaica they are excited to find out one US dollar exchanges for one hundred and twenty-seven Jamaican dollars, but tourists don’t realize their newly traded money is a result of many devaluations imposed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The IMF got involved with Jamaica because the country was unable to be stable and support their own economy after their independence from Great Britain. Jamaica’s government didnâ⠂¬â„¢t have money and needed loans from the IMF so the country could be out of debt. The IMF proposed a loan agreement with Jamaica, the problem was the interest rates made it unrealistic to pay off the loan and as a result caused more debt to the country of Jamaica. With Jamaica’s economy in debt, it created few opportunities for its people to grow their income. No tourists will ever get to see the real Jamaica, where the majority of its people live in poverty. The government of Jamaica not having money to stabilizeShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Violence, Crime And Drugs On Poverty978 Words   |  4 PagesJoy Jaja 200296673 Economics 280 outline. THE IMPACT OF VIOLENCE, CRIME AND DRUGS ON POVERTY IN KINGSTON JAMAICA I. Introduction A. Background Poverty serves as a motivation to commit crimes and crime has been a substantial contributing factor to poverty in Jamaica. †¢ In Kingston, Jamaica the violence that takes place is directed at the citizens of the island. According to the Jamaica Crime and Safety Report in 2014, almost 1200 murders took place in 2013. †¢ Jamaican on Jamaican violence is aRead MoreThe Structure Of Social Service Delivery1722 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Our group found Jamaica to be an appealing Country, so in turn we decided to explore it through research. We will give an overview of the country and discuss some important characteristics, explore the structure of social service delivery, and discuss the vulnerable populations in the country. OVERVIEW OF THE COUNTRY History and Geographic According to Meditz and Hanratty (1987): the Spanish adventurer Juan de Esquivel settled the island in 1509, calling it Santiago, the name given itRead MoreHealth Determinants For Jamaica By Jamaica1404 Words   |  6 PagesHealth Determinants for Jamaica The island of Jamaica is located in the Caribbean Sea, south of Cuba and to the west of Haiti. Jamaica is the largest English-speaking country in the Caribbean with a total land area of 11,000 square kilometers (Kundell, 2009). The country is divided into 14 different districts, called Parishes, with a series of mountain ranges along the northwest and southeast axis of the country (Kundell, 2009). Jamaica inhabits approximately 2.76 million people, with 19.9 percentRead MoreJamaica And The United States1529 Words   |  7 Pages Jamaica and The United States Ever wondered why Jamaica is in debt and why the United states isn’t, all of this had to have happen by something. The English used the slaves to benefit themselves by growing cash crops to sell to England, over 300 years of England’s control Jamaica gained its independence on August 6, 1962. Jamaica didn’t have enough time to build a strong economy after independence, so they took a loan from the IMF (International monetary fund) which hadRead MoreThe Primary Contributing Factors to Crime and Violence in Jamaica1663 Words   |  7 PagesWhat Are The Primary Contributing Factors To Crime And Violence In Jamaica Jamaica is a small third world country in the Caribbean with a population of approximately 2, 709, 300 people. The country faces many problems yearly but the worst is the ever increasing crime rate. In October 2011 Jamaica was ranked 3rd in a report of countries with the highest crime rates by the Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development . The country has taken a turn for the worst over the past few years. Our localRead MoreVideo Analysis : Life And Debt1284 Words   |  6 Pagesfocuses on the stories of individuals residing in Jamaica whose survival is solely based and determined by United States and other European countries, IMF to be more specific. The movie Life and Debt discusses the effect of globalization on Jamaica. It elaborates and portrays to the viewer the Global Inequality Jamaica faces. The movie first explains the inequality of finance. International Monetary Fund sanctioned a loan in 1976 in order to aid Jamaica to flourish as a developed nation. The presidentRead MoreTypes Of Crime And Violence Against Tourists1620 Words   |  7 Pages Types of Crime and Violence against Tourists It is often said by Jamaican government sources that Jamaica has one of the lowest crime rates for tourists in the Caribbean. This is arguable, but not entirely wrong. It is true that there are few reported crimes committed against tourists in Jamaica. According to (OSAC 2016), â€Å"most criminal activity is Jamaican-on-Jamaican violence, often involving organized crime elements and gangs, however, these occurrences can impact American visitors.† TouristRead MoreOverview of Cultural Anthropology1117 Words   |  5 Pagescattle raising, industrialization etc. The uses and measures of wealth. Jamaica has a history of farming, hunting, gathering and fishing going back to colonial days. This is when the British colonized the country in order to provide them with a number of agricultural products they could sell on the world markets. The most notable include: sugar cane, coffee, bananas, yams, citrus fruits, vegetables and fish. As the country developed, is when industrialization began to occur. This took place withRead MoreEconomic Globalization- Life and Debt1516 Words   |  7 Pagesglobalization is rapidly turning the world as we know it into economic opportunity waiting to be exploited. A large factor in this process is due to the advent of technology which is becoming more and more readily available to lesser developed countries. Countries such as Jamaica and other LDC’s are primary targets of economic globalization. In the film Life and Debt by Stephanie Black, we see the effects globalization has on Jamaican culture, industry, and agriculture. In order to discuss the effects of globalizationRead MoreEconmics973 Words   |  4 Pages2013 Introduction to the topic As countries, we are continuously concerned in distinguishing where we are and where we are going. For this assignment our CLC will take a look and begin to better understand how Germany has developed, while simultaneously understanding how Jamaica is developing. Our CLC group will prepare a report incorporating the following information on Germany and Jamaica. We will employ the country s top five exported and imported products for the most recent

Deep Azure Discussion free essay sample

Deep Azure Discussion BY MollYMcDonald75 Discussion Paper #4 What was the symbolism behind the characters names in Deep Azure? Deep Azure: The title of the play, as well as the names of its two most significant characters. Deep, who has been killed prior to the start of the play, was Azures love. The two remaining major characters are Tone, Deeps right-hand man, and Roshad, Deeps right rod. Each name is symbolic to the nature of his or her character. Deep not only describes the intensity of his character, but it also symbolizes the depth of the story behind his death. Azure, as an adjective meaning a shade of blue, describes her characters overall mental state. Tone is the character who set the occurrences of the play into motion, thus setting the tone of the play. Finally, Roshad is the only character whose name does not immediately stand out as symbolic; this in itself becomes symbolic as his character is found to be the only one naive to the truth. We will write a custom essay sample on Deep Azure Discussion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At the start of the play, the audience becomes aware that Deep has recently been killed by a police officer for no apparent reason. This mystery sets the stage for the remainder of the play. When the audience is first introduced to Deep, they find him to be someone whom everyone could call a friend, thus leaving no rhyme or reason for his murder. In a flashback, we see that Deep had become religious after having a vision in a dream that called him to have faith, supposedly leaving behind a life of girls and drugs. In every flashback that we see, Deep is being deep in his conversations with Tone, Roshad and Azure. He talks about life and God and love similar to how a pastor would. We get the feeling that Deep is very thoughtful and introspective, at least in his reborn life as a Christian. Prior to this found religion, things become more questionable to the audience. When reading back through the play, every part of Tones dialogue hinted that he was suffering from guilt, thus foreshadowing and setting the tone for the entire play. If an audience member paid close attention to Tones words, they mightVe guessed it was he from the beginning. Deep and Tone ran around together through college, so Tone knew the tendencies that Deep had with women prior to his religion. Deep and Azure had been dating for an extended amount of time, but Deep was unaware that Tone was actually in love with Azure too. Tone describes himself as the acute end of the love-triangle; the odd piece out. He fell in love with Azure prior to what we see in the play, most likely in college when the three of them attended Mecca University. It was mentioned that when Deep and Azure couldnt talk Tone was there for Azure. We get the impression rather early in the play that these two became closer during college than Deep and Roshad ever really knew, although these four were the core group of friends that always ran around together. Whatever relationship Azure and Tone had, it set the events of the play in motion when Tone decided to take action. He claimed that it wasnt to steal Azure; he Just couldnt stand to see her suffer. He didnt trust that Deep had truly changed overnight with religion. Whatever the truth, Tone led to his death. Tone also tries to direct Roshad and Azure to continue their lives peacefully, in some way as if hes trying to replace Deeps role as the deep and righteous thinker of the group. But his words lead both Roshad and Azure to think more deeply about the situation, finally leading to his own demise. Tone blamed Deep for Azures anorexia and bulimia, claiming that when she met Deep she was erfect; this was the reason Deep was killed. Azure has been gradually losing weight since she met Deep, and we see that an irrational voice in her head is the driving force to her madness. Although Deep is introduced almost as a saint, it becomes questionable later in the play whether Deep was truly to blame for some of Azures madness. There is no doubt that Azure is mentally ill by the end of the play; she is very depressed, or blue as her name represents. She repeats the line, what I want to do, I do not, but what I hate to do, I do, symbolizing her minds twistedness. When she began dating Deep, we find out that he was messing around on her. It seems that Azure is so self-conscious that she would hardly allow Deep to touch her, and she therefore blames herself for his cheating. She says that Deeps eyes became her mirror; that she could see the body he lusted for in his eyes. Her dialogue suggests that she let his cheating drive her sickness, but we do not know how severe this sickness was before she met Deep, or if he was the ultimate cause. In the end, Azures blue demeanor is behind Tones betrayal of his best friend. The depth of er sadness, or the deep azure of her emotions, changes the lives of she, Deep, Tone and Roshad forever. From the first act, Roshad appears to be the only one to be truly set on getting revenge for Deeps death. Azure wants indictment of Officer Smith, but that has more to do with relieving her of self-blame than it does with Officer Smith. Tone acts upset but interestingly doesnt push for an investigation or display a desire for vengeance on Officer Smith. Roshad mourns the death of his friend with liquor and raps, but genuinely speaks from his heart when he does speak o the other characters. By the end we find out that Roshad honestly had no idea of Tones love for Azure, or the depth of Azures sickness. He honestly didnt seem to think of Azure as more than Deeps girlfriend, while we saw that Tone felt a much deeper connection with her. But Roshad was blind to Tones hints about being in love with an unattainable woman. He trusted that he, Tone and Deep were truly on the same page, with no other agendas or secrets. Azure was off-limits to him because she was Deeps girlfriend, and its obvious that he never considered thinking of her in nother way. In the end, Roshad loved Deep and that was his driving force. With no obvious symbolism accompanying his characters name, Roshad represents the pure, true heart in this play. Although Roshad chooses to seek violence rather than follow what Deep would have him do, his intentions were pure. He felt that Deeps death was unjust, and he was the only character who displayed selflessness and sacrifice for his friends memory. In the end, it is finally revealed that Tone was behind Officer Smiths inquiry about Deep in the first place, and he was thus the reason for Deeps eath. Tone had requested this so that he could prove Deeps true character to Azure. Prior to the end of the play it seemed that this was a one-sided affair between Tone and Azure. However, Azures inability to do what she feels is right implies otherwise in the closing scene. This suggestion deepens the plot a little more, Roshad had nothing to do with anything leading up to the events that unfolded in Deep Azure. Deeps character made the plot deep because he was the character that bound Azure, Tone and Roshad together. That made Deep responsible for the complexity of the story. His character was a deep thinker as well, providing a philosophical side to every story. Tones guilt leaked through his dialogue and his actions (although unseen to the audience) made his character the catalyst for this play; he set the tone, as his name implies. Azure is often the color referenced as that of a clear, blue sky. Aside from her characters depression or blue essence, this also ties into the name of the play. Deep Azure, or deep blue both symbolizes the depth of Azures despair and describes the connection of this despair with Deeps character.

The major theme of Death of a Salesman Essay Example

The major theme of Death of a Salesman Paper The major theme of Death of a Salesman, above all else, is about Dreams and how they are the contributing factor of each characters perception of reality. The perception of reality that each character visualizes is of there own highest aspirations in life. The theme of dreams is the most important theme of Death of a Salesman, and I will be examining and comparing this particular theme with three other themes as well. These three themes are as follows: Honesty, Time and Performance. In completing my comparison of all four of these themes, I will weigh the importance of each one against the theme of Dreams, and as a result, come to a solid conclusion that indeed the theme of Dreams is the catalyst of the Lohman familys false perception of reality itself. In examining Death of a Salesman and a few of its most important themes, the theme of Dreams is certainly the most compelling and interesting of the four that I have selected. Each member of the Lohman family are all victims of their own false perception of reality. Their perception of reality is so out of focus that they are all blinded by their own aspirations of being something that they are not, as well as something that they cannot accomplish. This negativity towards the Lohman family is rightfully justified as a result of all three of the Lohman mens lack of ability to succeed and accomplish their very high aspirations. We will write a custom essay sample on The major theme of Death of a Salesman specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The major theme of Death of a Salesman specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The major theme of Death of a Salesman specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Death of a Salesman is dream-like, and as a result of this theme, it is evident that one of the main characters, Willy Lohman, is inside a dream that is made of life itself. Through Willy, the theme of dreams will be shown throughout the entire play more so then any other theme that I will be discussing. The hopes and dreams of all four members of the Lohman family rise out of reality. By this interpretation of their reality, it is easy to say that reality for the Lohman family is far from the truth. The one member of the Lohman family is far from the truth. The one member of the Lohman family that has any sense of reality is Willys wife, Linda Lohman. Linda tries to keep everything in perspective, and has a decent sense of reality even when her husband drills the idea and his false self confidence in regards to their financial situation into her head. Their financial situation is handled by Linda, yet Willy is the provider of the family and feels the need to always reassure Linda that he is making more then enough money to support the entire family. This is a false realization of the Lohman familys financial situation, and Willys ability to provide for his family the way he would like to will never be achieved. Death of a Salesman is not only about dreams, but about honesty, time and performance. These three themes will be discussed in comparison to the theme of dreams in the following two paragraphs. Willy Lohman had a dream, but this dream was based on Dishonesty. His dreams of being a well-known and prestigious salesman were only dreams, not reality, and should have been acknowledged as such. Unfortunately, Willys dreams of being a great man, as well as being a famous and popular salesman were foolish, yet not unattainable. At the same time, these self-images were very unrealistic and just not true. What Willy presents to his own family about his self-image is a false one, yet his oldest son Biff is infected by these false images of his father. In turn, he believes that he can accomplish and have anything he would like, even when he knows a particular thing is unattainable. Not only is Willy dishonest, but his two sons Biff and Happy are as well. Biff is dishonest several times during the play, and in one instance he stole, or as he claimed borrowed a football from his school claiming that he would return it the next day at school. Willy has two sides to himself most of the time when it comes to Biff. At times, Willy praises him saying how great he was and still is. Other times, he is complaining and venting off steam by talking down at Biff and speaking negatively of him. Because of Biffs false sense of security that his dreams have given him, the theme of dishonestly comes into play more so. This is the case due to the fact that this particular dishonestly would never have taken place if only Biff understood what it meant to be an honest guy. He never got a chance to due to his fathers perception of reality and his false dreams. Willy dreams that one day Biff will become something big, something that he could be proud of. Unfortunately, Biff is incapable of achieving his fathers high expectations for him, and gets very frustrated at times as a result. These dreams are the cause of this particular dishonesty-filled scenario, thus giving the theme of dreams the most importance and acknowledgement. Willy is the most dishonest of all characters in Death of a Salesman, and as such is prime subject of this theme. Willys aspirations and dreams slowly become smaller and as he has grown older, he begun to realize that he is living a lie, a dream. As a result of this realization, he tries to kill himself. Willy is also unsatisfied with his wife Linda at times, so he cheats on her with a woman from Boston. He tries to lie his way out of it, yet is unsuccessful. This is yet another example of his dishonestly. His dreams of wealth not only for his family, but for himself, are very far-fetched. These aspirations, false dreams, and dishonestly were ultimately the death of Willy Lohman.